| PlantID | 0032 |
| Botanical Name | Gardenia turgida |
| Common Name | Karumba |
| Classification | | Kingdom: | Plantae | | Subkingdom: | Tracheobionta | | Division: | Magnoliophyta | | Class: | Magnoliopsida | | Subclass: | Asteridae | | Order: | Rubiales | | Family: | Rubiaceae | | Genus: | Gardenia | | Species: | turgida |
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| Part used | Roots, fruits and plant. |
| Medicinal Properties | Fruits: EtOH(50%) ext., antiviral, hypoten., anticancer. Bark: antiasthmatic. |
| Medicinal Use | Roots: indigestion in childern. Fruits: eaten after cooking, used against eye ailments of cattles, pulp pounded and applied to forehead in fever, used as lep in abdominal colic, also used in affections of mammary glands. Plant: various plant parts used in fever, epilepsy, pimples, tubercular fistula, ringworm, haemat, cholera, smallpox, dysen., neuraligia, pleur., pneum., snakebite etc. |
| Chemistry | Roots: D-mannitol, its hexaacetate, its hexabenzoate, gardenin A (mp. 163 degree), gardenin B (mp. 177 degree), gardenin E (mp. 230 degree), oleanolic acid, alpha-amyrin and beta-sitosterol. Bark: saponin. Bark & wood: beta-sitosterol, hederagenin, Me-ester of oleanolic and gypsogenic acids. |
| Cultivation | NA |
| Regional Habitat | Occasionally in forests. Distribution: Alwar, dungarpur, banswara and jhalawar districts. |
| Description | Deciduous trees, grows upto 6-8 m. Bark: thick, soft, yellowish in young branches only. Branches: numerous, stout, straight, terminating into 0.5-1.0 cm long spines. Leaves: stipules 0.2 cm long, triangular, caducous; lamina acute at the base, broadly obovate or sub-orbicular, 2.4-4.4 x 1.5-3.2 cm, glabrous adaxially, velvety-tomentose abaxially, lateral-veins 4-paired, conspicuous abaxially, margins entire, apex obtuse or sub-acute. Flowers: dimorphic, staminate ones fascicled and pistillate solitary. Staminate fls.: Calyx turbinate, tube dilated above, pubescent, teeth minute; corolla glabrous, tube short; lobes 5, longer than the tube, oblong, obtuse. Pistillate fls.: calyx flask-shaped, tube dilated at the mouth, teeth linear, foliaceous, obtuse; corolla similar to those of staminate fls. Fruits: grey, rough or smooth berry. Flowers & fruits appears during April-May and November. |
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