Brucella melitensis

Brucella melitensis is one of the six species that causes Brucellosis. Brucella melitensis are coccobacillus gram-negative, facultative, interacellular bacteria which is non-motile, non-encapsulated and non-spore-forming. In infected tissue it normally occurs singly or in small groups that can infect human and many species of aninmals. Brucella melitensis is one of the six species that causes Brucellosis, which can be described as a fatal zoonotic disease that affects multiple body system. Brucellosis infection mainly occur through the consumption of infected food (vegetables), unpasteurized dairy products contaminated goat milk. .

Organism Details:
Shape and Size
0.6 to 1.5 µm long by 0.5 to 0.8 µm wide, short sods
Genome Information
Brucella melitensis 16M13W (GI:483745994) have two circular chromosomes of 3259991 bp. The genome structure of Brucella melitensis consists of 3,103 genes and 3,018 coding proteins, 33 pseudo genes, and RNA (rRNAs: 3 ( 5S, 16S, 23S ), tRNAs:43). The GC content of Brucella melitensis is about 57.2 % .
Food Source
Unpasteurized dairy products such as raw milk, Soft Cheese, Butter and Ice-Cream, Undercooked animal organs such as spleen and liver.
Pathological Factor
Bacterial factors required for food-borne infection of humans by B. melitensis are poorly understood. Brucella melitensis is one of the six species that which can be described as a fatal zoonotic disease that affects multiple body systems. B. melitensis was originally found as a pathogen that mainly affected goats and sheep, which caused a decrease in fertility, loss of young, and a decrease in milk production. However, there has been more recent cases where this species has also been a highly pathogenic cause of human brucellosis. Brucellosis is common in many parts of the world, but is rare in the United States. This disease is mainly caused by the transfer of bacteria from farm animals to humans, usually through unpasteurized, contaminated goat milk, in which the bacteria can localize itself intracellularly once inside a host.
Disease
Brucellosis is usually characterized by nonspecific febrile illness, including irregular and intermittent fever and chills, which is observed in 90% of brucellosis cases. Infection commonly causes systemic symptoms such as arthralgia, myalgia, depression, and weight loss. Brucellosis may cause cardiac symptoms, primarily bacterial endocarditis, accounting for 80% of brucellosis-related mortality. Respiratory symptoms are observed in 20% of brucellosis cases. Brucellosis patients may exhibit cough and pleuritic chest pain. Brucellosis patients often exhibit osteoarticular symptoms including sacroilitis, vertebral osteomyelitis, and other large joint infections. Usually resultant of consumption of contaminated food, water, or dairy products, gastrointestinal symptoms may include anorexia, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal discomfort. Infection of the central nervous system may result in chronic meningioencephalitis, occasionally subarachnoid hemorrhage and myelitis. Abnormalities of the genitourinary system most commonly include orchitis and epididymoorchitis, but may also include pyelonephritis and cystiti.Causes disease Mainly brucellosis , Osteoarthritis, Necrosis, Affect Cardiovascular and Neurological conditions, Endocarditis Complication Insomnia-Depression,Arthritis.
Affected Body Organs
lymph nodes, spleen, liver, bone marrow, mammary glands, and sex organs
Classification
Domain Bacteria
Phylum Proteobacteria
Class Alpha-Proteobacteria
Order Rhizobiales
Family Brucellaceae
Genus Brucella
Species B. Melitensis